Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Tourism Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Sports tourism is one of the most attractive types of tourism that occurs in different regions and countries. This 
tourism type is effective in economic fields and extremely significant in cultural and sportsmanship contexts. 
To this end, the current research aimed to identify and explain the effective components of sport tourism in the 
sublimity of culture and sportsmanship, conducted through a mixed method. This research approach was 
sequential exploratory in two qualitative-quantitative phases, in which “thematic analysis” and “survey” 
methods were used, respectively. The first phase’s statistical population included experts in sport tourism, sport 
management, culture management, and sportsmanship, with 14 individuals participating in semi-structured 
interviews using a purposive sampling method. After determining the effective actors in this field, 32 experts 
responded to questionnaires using a systematic sampling method in the study’s second phase. According to the 
research findings of the first phase, the themes extracted from the semi-structured interviews comprised 39 
fundamental themes, 15 organizing themes, and four global themes. Per the second phase of the study’s 
findings, all themes were approved by the experts, all determinants of the role of sport tourism in the sublimity 
of sports culture and sportsmanship. As a result, sports tourism, while creating macroeconomic benefits for 
residents and visitors, significantly contributes to the sublimity of sports culture and sportsmanship, where this 
category can strengthen the value and ethical attitudes in addition to creating recreational experiences

Keywords

Attride-Stirling, J. (2001). Thematic networks: an analytic tool for qualitative research. Qualitative 
Research, 1(3), 385–405. https://doi.org/10.1177/146879410100100307
Boo, E. (1990). Ecotourism: The Potentials and Pitfalls, Washington: World Wildlife Fund 
Chang, M. X., Choong, Y. O., & Ng, L. P. (2020). Local residents’ support for sport tourism 
development: the moderating effect of tourism dependency. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 24(3), 
215–234. https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2020.1833747
Cho, H., Joo, D., & Chi, C. G. (2019). Examining nostalgia in sport tourism: The case of US college 
football fans. Tourism Management Perspectives, 29(1), 97–104. 
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2018.11.002
Darabi, M., Keshtidar, M., Alizaiy Yousef Abadi, O., Heydari, R., & Nazari-Torshizi, A. (2020). 
Scenario planning of the future of sports tourism industry in Mashhad. Annals of Applied Sport 
Science, 8(4)
Deery, M., Jago, L., & Fredline, L. (2004). Sport tourism or event tourism: Are they one and the 
same? Journal of Sport & Tourism, 9(3), 235–245. 
https://doi.org/10.1080/1477508042000320250.
Funk, D. C., & Bruun, T. J. (2007). The role of socio-psychological and culture-education motives in 
marketing international sport tourism: A cross-cultural perspective. Tourism Management, 28(3), 
806–819. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.05.011
Getz, D. (2008). Event tourism: Definition, evolution, and research. Tourism Management, 29(3), 
403–428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.07.017
Gibson, H. J. (1998). The wide world of sport tourism. Parks and Recreation, 33(9), 108–1
Harvey, D. (1991). The Condition of Postmodernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change. 
Wiley-Blackwell
Herbold, V., Thees, H., & Philipp, J. (2020). The Host Community and Its Role in Sports Tourism—
Exploring an Emerging Research Field. Sustainability, 12(24), 10488
Heidari, A., Yazdani, H. R., Saghafi, F., & Jalilvand, M. R. (2018). The perspective of religious and 
spiritual tourism research: a systematic mapping study. Journal of Islamic Marketing. 9(1), 1-
53. https://doi.org/10.1108/jima-02-2017-0015
Hinch, T., & Higham, J. (2005). Sport, tourism and authenticity. European Sport Management 
Quarterly, 5(3), 243-256. https://doi.org/10.1080/16184740500190652
Hua, K. P., & Chiu, L. K. (2013). Multiculturism: Issues of Malaysian female sport tourists’ in eventbased sport tourism. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 91, 270-287.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.424 
Hua, K. P., Ibrahim, I., & Chiu, L. K. (2013). Sport tourism: Physically-disabled sport tourists’ 
orientation. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 91, 257-269.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.423 
Humberstone, B. (2000). The ‘outdoor industry’ as social and educational phenomena: Gender and 
outdoor adventure/education. Journal of Adventure Education & Outdoor Learning, 1(1), 21–35. 
https://doi.org/10.1080/14729670085200041
International Labour Organization, (2022). The future of work in the tourism sector: Sustainable and 
safe recovery and decent work in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic Report for the Technical 
Meeting on COVID-19 and Sustainable Recovery in the Tourism Sector (Geneva, 25–29 April 
2022). https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_dialogue/---
sector/documents/meetingdocument/wcms_840403.pdf
Ito, E., & Higham, J. (2020). Supplemental tourism activities: a conceptual framework to maximise 
sport tourism benefits and opportunities, Journal of Sport & Tourism, 24(4), 269-284. 
https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2020.1850322
Jarvie, G., Thornton, J., & Mackie, H. (2017). Sport, Culture and Society: An Introduction (3rd ed.). 
Routledge
Kapur, R. (2018). The significance of sports tourism. Access through the internet: https://www. 
researchgate.net/publication/328412942_The_Significance_of_Sports_ Tourism.
Karoubi, M., Saatchian, V., Pirjamadi, S., Mahmoudi, A., & Mehri, S. (2022). Evaluation of Effective 
Factors on Creating Social Bond in Religious Tourists Using the Services of Recreational-Sports 
Complexes in Mashhad. International Journal of Tourism, Culture and Spirituality, 5(2), 13-28
Kim, N., & Chalip, L. (2004). Why travel to the FIFA World Cup? Effects of motives, background, 
interest and constraints. Tourism Management, 25, 695–707. 
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2003.08.011 
Lohmann, M & Hübner, A. (2011). Tourists’ Weather Perceptions and Weather Related Behavior. A 
Qualitative Pilot Study with Holiday Tourists to Martinique, Caribbean Studies. 
https://doi.org/10.4000/caribbean-studies.5323
Malchrowicz-Mosko, E., & Munsters, W. (2018). Sport tourism: A growth market considered from a 
cultural perspective. Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology, 18(4), 25-
38. https://doi.org/10.14589/ido.18.4.4
Mokras-Grabowska, J. (2016). Sports tourism: terminological discussion. Tourism/Turyzm, 26(1), 13-
18.
Preuss, H. (2015). A framework for identifying the legacies of a mega sport event. Leisure Studies, 
34(6), 643–664. https://doi.org/10.1080/02614367.2014.994552
Rezai, N., & Alimoradian, L. (2020). The analysis of sport tourism role in Nahavand tourism 
development emphasizing on sport complexes (case study: Alimoradian Sport Complex. Urban 
Tourism, 6(4), 145-156. https://doi.org/10.22059/JUT.2020.261368.508
Schlemmer, P., Barth, M., & Schnitzer, M. (2020). Research note sport tourism versus event tourism: 
Considerations on a necessary distinction and integration. Journal of Convention & Event 
Tourism, 21(2), 91–99. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2019.1710314
Silk, M. (2002). ‘Bangsa Malaysia: Global Sport, the City & the Refurbishment of Local Identities,’ 
Media. Culture & Society, 24(6), 775–94
Silk, M., & Amis, J. (2005, June). Sport Tourism, Cityscapes and Cultural Politics. Sport in Society, 
8(2), 280–301. https://doi.org/10.1080/17430430500087732
Singh, S., Dash, T. R., & Vashko, I. (2016). Tourism, ecotourism and sport tourism: the framework for 
certification. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 34(2), 236–255. https://doi.org/10.1108/mip-09-
2014-0180
Schwark, J. (2016). Handbuch Sporttourismus. UVK Verlagsgesellschaft
Steinmann, R. M. (2015, May 1). Spiritualität - die vierte Dimension der Gesundheit: Eine Einführung
aus der Sicht von Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention. Lit Verlag
Takata, K., & Hallmann, K. (2021). A systematic quantitative review of authenticity in sport tourism. 
Journal of Sport & Tourism, 25(1), 26-41
Van Rheenen, D., Cernaianu, S., & Sobry, C. (2016, September 13). Defining sport tourism: a content 
analysis of an evolving epistemology. Journal of Sport &Amp; Tourism, 21(2), 75–93. 
https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2016.1229212.
Wäsche, H., & Woll, A. (2010). Regional sports tourism networks: A conceptual framework. Journal 
of Sport & Tourism, 15(3), 191-214
Zargham Boroujeny, H. (2017). Tourism: a Tool for Spirituality Development. International Journal 
of Tourism and Spirituality, 2(1), 62-72
Zauhar, J. (2004). Historical perspectives of sports tourism. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 9(1), 5-10.